Course Syllabus: Phycology (Theory)
Click to Expand: BOT-H-CC5-4-Th Syllabus
Semester IV (DSC/Core)
BOT-H-CC5-4-Th – Phycology (Theory) – 75 Marks / 3 Credits
1. General Account
- 1.1 Thallus organization and evolutionary trend in algal members of different groups, structure of algal cell, pigment types and variation.
- 1.2 Ultrastructure of flagella and chloroplast.
- 1.3 Process of reproduction in algae: Isogamy, Anisogamy, Oogamy - Chlamydomonas, Oedogonium, Vaucheria, Conjugation - Spirogyra.
- 1.5 Life cycle pattern in algae - Haplontic: Chara, Diplontic: Fucus, Haplo-diplontic (Isomorphic): Ectocarpus, Haplo-diplontic (Heteromorphic): Laminaria, Triphasic: Polysiphonia.
- 1.5 Significant contributions of some phycologists (F. E. Fritsch, G. M. Smith, R. N. ingh, T.V. Desikachary, H.D. Kumar, M.O.P. Iyengar). (16 Lectures)
2. Classification
- 2.1 Classification by Lee (2018) upto phylum with examples.
- 2.2 Salient features of Cyanophyta (emphasis on cell ultrastructure, reproduction, structure and function of heterocyst), Rhodophyta, Chlorophyta (emphasis on phylogenetic significance of flagellar ultrastructure), Charophyta, Heterokontophyta (Phaeophyceae, Xanthophyceae; Bacillariophyceae - emphasis on cell structure, cell ivision, auxospore formation). (15 Lectures)
3. Algal Ecology
- 3.1 Role of phytoplanktons in aquatic ecosystem.
- 3.2 Algae in CO2 sequestration.
- 3.3 Phytoremediation by algae. (12 Lectures)
4. Algal Biotechnology
- 4.1 Algal culture and cultivation (Photobioreactor).
- 4.2 Algae as food, biofuel and biofertilizer. (7 Lectures)
Previous Year Questions
2025
BOTANY — HONOURS
Paper : DSCC-5
(Phycology)
Full Marks : 75
1. Answer any six of the following questions:
2 × 6
(a) What is triphasic life cycle? Where is it found? (1+1)
(b) Name the scientific names of two alga used for biofuel production. (2)
(c) Define palmella stage. Where is it seen? (1+1)
(d) What are phytoplanktons? Give one example. (1+1)
(e) Name any two notable phycologists from India. (2)
(f) What do you mean by scalariform conjugation? Give example. (1+1)
(g) Give example(s) of advanced heterotrichous thallus organization in algae. (2)
(h) Why Heterokontophyta members so named? Give examples. (1+1)
(i) Write down the differences between open raceway pond and closed photobioreactor. (2)
2. Answer any three of the following questions:
5 × 3
(a) Write a brief note on ultrastructure of algal plastids and their variation. (5)
(b) Write a short note on the contribution of F.E. Fritsch to the classification of algae and what are the basis of this classification? (3+2)
(c) Compare between diplontic and haplo-diplontic (isomorphic) mode of life cycle patterns in algae with suitable examples. (5)
(d) Describe briefly the ultrastructure of cyanobacterial cell wall. Write a note on the oxygen evolution properties of heterocysts in cyanobacteria. (3+2)
(e) Compare the isogamy, anisogamy and oogamy in algal reproduction with examples. Why oogamy is considered as advanced mode of reproduction? (3+2)
3. Answer any four of the following questions:
12 × 4
(a) What is the basis of algal classification by Lee (2018)? Write a note on the different phylum of algae as proposed by Lee (2018). Compare between primary and secondary endosymbiosis. (3+6+3)
(a) Describe auxospore formation in Pennales. Write a short note on the role of phytoplanktons in aquatic ecosystem. Name any two algae used as food. (6+4+2)
(c) Differentiate between unilocular and plurilocular sporangium. Write down the sexual reproduction of Ectocarpus with labelled sketches. (4+8)
(d) What is photobioreactor? How algae play an important role in CO2 sequestration? Write down the salient features of Phaeophyceae with examples. (2+5+5)
(e) Write a note on origin and evolution of sex in algae. Enumerate the post-fertilization changes in Polysiphonia with suitable labelled sketches. (6+6)
(f) Draw and describe the ultrastructure of flagella. What is the role of algae in wastewater treatment? What is red snow phenomenon? (5+5+2)
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